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エヌ氏

Author:エヌ氏
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英語学習の大きな障害のひとつ---綴りと発音の例外を攻略

綴りの難しい単語のうち、ごく一部の単語は、発音通りに書かれることもあります。それらは辞書に載っている場合もあります。実際に多くの人が使えばそうなります。

nite や thru だけでなく、発音に近い綴りは使えば使うほど認知され、辞書にも載るようになります。例えば、次のようなものです。（内容は必要に応じて変更します。）

「迷わず読める綴り字」で言文一致

まず手始めに・・・
are --- ar
aren't --- arn't
were --- wer
weren't --- wern't
have --- hav
haven't --- havn't
doesn't --- dusn't

could --- cud, cood
should --- shud, shood
would --- wud, ~~wood~~

bomber --- bommer
bombing --- bomming
comb --- coam
tomb --- toom
womb --- woom

doubt --- dout
subtle --- suttle

answer --- anser
know --- kno
opposite --- opposit
treachery --- trechery
wrestle --- wressle
（語頭の黙音字はフォニックスで処理できるので削除しない。）

「短音」は一文字で表記する。（修正の際は a,e,i,o,u のいずれかを使う。)
plaid --- plad
friend --- frend
heifer --- heffer
jeopardy --- jepardy
pretty --- pritty
busy --- bisy
sieve --- siv
yacht --- yot
double --- dubble
対象となる単語の一覧表

ea を「エ」と読む単語が少なからず存在する。
abreast --- abrest
ahead --- ahed, (ahedd?)
airhead --- airhed
already --- alreddy
bedstead --- bedsted
bread --- bred, (bredd?)
breadth --- bredth
breakfast --- brekfast
breast --- brest
breath --- breth
cleanliness --- clenliness
cleanse --- clenze, clense
dead --- ded
deadline --- dedline
deadly --- dedly
deaf --- def, deff?
deafen --- deffen
(dealt) --- delt
death --- deth
dread --- dred
dreadful --- dredful
dreadnaught --- drednaut
endeavor --- endevor
farmstead --- farmsted
feather --- fether
head --- hed
header --- hedder
heading --- hedding
headline --- hedline
headstart --- hedstart
health --- helth
heather --- hether
heaven --- heven
heavy --- hevy
homestead --- homested
instead --- insted
jealous --- jellous
jealousy --- jellousy
lead --- ledd (lead の過去・過去分詞形 "led" と区別)
leady --- leddy
(leapt) --- lept
leather --- lether
leaven --- leven
meadow --- meddo, meddoe
(meant) --- ment?
measure --- mesure
peasant --- pesant
pheasant --- phesant
pleasant --- plesant
pleasure --- plesure
(read) --- redd ("red"「赤い」との区別のために redd と書く)
ready --- reddy
realm --- relm
spread --- spred
stead --- sted
steady --- steddy
steadfast --- stedfast
stealth --- stelth
sweat --- swet
sweater --- swetter
thread --- thred
threat --- thret
threaten --- thretten
treachery --- trechery
tread --- tred
treadle--- treddle
treadmill --- tredmill
treasure --- tresure
unhealthy --- unhelthy
unleaded --- unledded
unsteady --- unsteddy
wealth --- welth
weapon --- weppon
(weather) --- wether (同音語: wether, whether)
zealot --- zellot
zealotry --- zellotry
zealous --- zellous

ea を「エイ」と読む単語は次のように書き直せる。
break --- braik
great --- grait
steak --- staik
yea --- yay

二文字・三文字の母音表記の例外を修正する。
beautiful --- beutiful
bureaucracy --- burocracy
broad --- braud
canoe --- canoo
doesn't --- dusn't
juice --- juce
sew --- soe
shoes --- shues
soul --- soal

Ｒ付きの母音表記の例外を可能な範囲内で修正
lern, perl, reserch,
forswair, scairce,
poar, jurnal, jurney
対象となる単語の一覧表

OUGH や AUGH の文字列を含む単語の場合
dough --- doh
doughty --- douty
drought --- drout
enough --- enuff
cough --- coff
trough --- troff
through --- thru
draught --- draft
laugh --- laff
laughter --- lafter
bought --- baught
brought --- braught
fought --- faught
nought --- naught
ought --- no change
sought --- saught
thought --- thaught
対象となる単語の一覧表

ch を /k/ と読む単語の場合
anachronism --- anacronism
anarch --- anark
anarchism --- anarkism
anarchy --- anarchy
anchor --- ancor
archeology --- arkeology
archive --- arkive
cachinnate --- cakinnate, or cakinate
chalaza --- calaza
chameleon --- cameleon
chaotic --- caotic
character --- caracter
chasm --- casm
chemical --- kemical
chemistry --- kemistry
chomophyte --- comophyte
chondrite --- condrite
chondroma --- condroma
chondrule --- condrule
chronicle --- cronicle
echo --- ecko
epoch --- epoc
epochal --- epocal
eschaton --- escaton
mechanism --- mecanism
monarch --- monark
monarchy --- monarky
orchestra --- orkestra
orchid --- orkid
orchis --- orkis
psych --- psyke
psychic --- psykic
psychology --- psycology
scheme --- skeme, or skeem
scholar --- scolar
scholastic --- scolastic
school --- scool, or skool
stomach --- stomac, or stomack
tachometer --- tacometer